Everything about Mem De S totally explained
Mem de Sá (c.
1500 –
March 2,
1572) was a Governor-General of
Brazil from
1557-
1572.
He was born in
Coimbra,
Portugal, around
1500, the year of discovery of
Brazil by a naval fleet commanded by
Pedro Álvares Cabral.
He was nominated the third
Governor-General of Brazil in
1556, succeeding
Duarte da Costa, who was Governor-General from 1533 to 1557. The seat of the government was
Salvador, in the present-day state of
Bahia.
He was fortunate in securing the support of two important
Jesuit priests, Fathers
Manuel da Nóbrega (1517-1570) and
José de Anchieta (1533-1597), who founded
São Vicente in 1532, and
São Paulo, on
January 25,
1554. (today one of the largest cities in the world). The Jesuits were stern and persistent
missionaries of the
Catholic faith with the
aboriginal people, and their pacification of these warrior societies was one of the most important conquests of Mem de Sá's government. The Jesuits had conflicts with Duarte da Costa, because he supported the plantation owners, who tried to force
slavery upon the Indians.
Mem de Sá had also an important military and political mission when, in
1560, leading a naval expedition of 26 ships and 2,000 soldiers and sailors, he was sent by the Portuguese crown to attack
France Antarctique, a colony founded by
Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, a
Huguenot French vice-admiral in present day
Rio de Janeiro.
Fort Coligny, built by the French colonists on a small island of the
Guanabara Bay was destroyed, but Mem de Sá was able to expel definitely the French invaders in
1567 only, with the help of his nephew,
Estácio de Sá, who was also the founder of Rio de Janeiro on
March 1,
1565. With the help of the Jesuits, Mem de Sá was able to convince the
Tamoyo Confederation to withdraw their support to the Frenchmen.
Mem de Sá died on
March 2,
1572, in Salvador.
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